HTML Entities, Encoding Codes, and Symbols List – Special Characters Reference

Organized HTML Special Characters List

This is a comprehensive reference that lets you quickly find commonly used symbols, their entity names, and numeric encoding codes (HTML) all in one place.

For detailed explanations on how to use special characters and avoid conflicts with reserved symbols, see HTML Special Characters – Avoiding Conflicts with Reserved Symbols.

Reserved Characters

When writing web content, you must use these HTML special characters to avoid conflicts with reserved characters.

HTML Special Characters for Reserved Characters
Character	Entity	Numeric Code	Description
`<`	<	<	Less than
`>`	>	>	Greater than
`&`	&	&	Ampersand
`"`	"	"	Double quote
`'`	'	'	Single quote

Whitespace Characters

Among HTML special characters, there are characters that represent spaces, which are normally entered by pressing the Space bar (Space) on your keyboard. Whitespace characters are displayed as blank spaces on the page.

HTML Special Characters for Whitespace Characters
Character	Entity	Numeric Code	Description
			Non-breaking space (prevents line breaks)
	&emsp;		Em space (wider spacing)

Special Brackets

HTML includes a variety of special brackets used in text, mathematics, and CJK (Chinese, Japanese, Korean) writing. These characters have specific HTML numeric codes or entities to ensure correct display.

HTML Special Characters for Brackets
Character	Entity	Numeric Code	Description
`«`	«	«	Left-pointing double angle quotation mark
`»`	»	»	Right-pointing double angle quotation mark
`‹`	&lsaquo;	‹	Left-pointing single angle quotation mark
`›`	&rsaquo;	›	Right-pointing single angle quotation mark
`〈`		〈	Left angle bracket (mathematical)
`〉`		〉	Right angle bracket (mathematical)
`「`		「	CJK left corner bracket
`」`		」	CJK right corner bracket
`【`		【	CJK left square bracket
`】`		】	CJK right square bracket
`（`		（	Full-width left parenthesis (Japanese)
`）`		）	Full-width right parenthesis (Japanese)
`﹃`		﹃	Vertical writing left white corner bracket (upper right)
`﹄`		﹄	Vertical writing right white corner bracket (lower left)

Arrows

HTML provides a range of arrow characters, including single and double arrows in various directions. Use these characters with their corresponding HTML entities or numeric codes for consistent display.

HTML Special Characters for Arrows
Character	Entity	Numeric Code	Description
`←`	←	←	Left arrow
`→`	→	→	Right arrow
`↑`	↑	↑	Up arrow
`↓`	↓	↓	Down arrow
`↔`	↔	↔	Left-right arrow
`⇐`	⇐	⇐	Leftwards double arrow
`⇒`	⇒	⇒	Rightwards double arrow
`⇑`	&uArr;	⇑	Upwards double arrow
`⇓`	&dArr;	⇓	Downwards double arrow
`⇔`	⇔	⇔	Left-right double arrow

Mathematical Symbols

HTML provides a variety of mathematical symbols that can be used with their corresponding entities or numeric codes to display equations and expressions correctly.

HTML Special Characters for Mathematical Symbols
Character	Entity	Numeric Code	Description
`±`	±	±	Plus-minus
`×`	×	×	Multiplication
`÷`	÷	÷	Division
`∞`	∞	∞	Infinity
`≈`	≈	≈	Approximately equal
`≠`	≠	≠	Not equal
`≤`	≤	≤	Less than or equal
`≥`	≥	≥	Greater than or equal
`∑`	∑	∑	Summation (Sigma)
`°`	°	°	Degree symbol

Currency Symbols

HTML includes special characters for major currency symbols. Use these entities or numeric codes to ensure consistent display across browsers.

HTML Special Characters for Currency Symbols
Character	Entity	Numeric Code	Description
`$`	&dollar;	$	US Dollar (USD)
`€`	€	€	Euro (EUR)
`¥`	¥	¥	Japanese Yen (JPY)
`£`	£	£	British Pound (GBP)

Greek Letters

HTML provides special character codes for common Greek letters, useful in mathematics, science, and technical documentation.

HTML Special Characters for Greek Letters
Character	Entity	Numeric Code	Description
`α`	α	α	Alpha (α)
`β`	β	β	Beta (β)
`γ`	γ	γ	Gamma (γ)
`δ`	δ	δ	Delta (δ)
`ε`	ε	ε	Epsilon (ε)
`λ`	λ	λ	Lambda (λ)
`μ`	μ	μ	Mu (μ)
`π`	π	π	Pi (π)
`σ`	σ	σ	Sigma (σ)
`Ω`	Ω	Ω	Omega (Ω, uppercase)

Special Characters and Symbols Not on the Keyboard

This section lists HTML special characters for symbols that do not exist on a standard keyboard. These characters are often used in documents, technical writing, and design.

HTML Special Characters for Symbols Not on the Keyboard
Character	Entity	Numeric Code	Description
`©`	©	©	Copyright
`®`	®	®	Registered trademark
`™`	™	™	Trademark
`§`	§	§	Section symbol
`¶`	¶	¶	Paragraph symbol
`•`	•	•	Bullet
`∘`	&compfn;	•	Small circle
`○`		○	Large circle
`◎`		◎	Double circle
`⬛`		⬛	Black square
`⬜`		⬜	White square
`†`	&dagger;	†	Dagger
`‡`	&Dagger;	‡	Double dagger
`¤`	¤	¤	Currency symbol
`♦`	&diams;	♦	Diamond (playing cards)
`★`		★	Star
`♥`	&hearts;	♥	Heart
`♠`	&spades;	♠	Spade
`※`		※	Reference mark
`–`	–	–	En dash (slightly longer dash)
`—`	—	—	Em dash (long dash)
`⸺`		—	Double-length em dash

Fraction Symbols

These HTML special characters represent common fractions. They are useful in mathematical expressions, recipes, and measurements.

HTML Special Characters for Fractions
Character	Entity	Numeric Code	Description
`¼`	¼	¼	¼
`½`	½	½	½
`¾`	¾	¾	¾

Circled Numbers

These HTML numeric character references display numbers inside circles. They are often used for ordered lists, steps, or highlighting points.

HTML Special Characters for Circled Numbers
Character	Numeric Code	Description
`①`	①	①
`②`	②	②
`③`	③	③
`④`	④	④
`⑤`	⑤	⑤
`⑥`	⑥	⑥
`⑦`	⑦	⑦
`⑧`	⑧	⑧
`⑨`	⑨	⑨
`⑩`	⑩	⑩
`⑪`	⑪	⑪
`⑫`	⑫	⑫
`⑬`	⑬	⑬
`⑭`	⑭	⑭
`⑮`	⑮	⑮
`⑯`	⑯	⑯
`⑰`	⑰	⑰
`⑱`	⑱	⑱
`⑲`	⑲	⑲
`⑳`	⑳	⑳

Circled Uppercase Letters

These HTML numeric character references display uppercase alphabet letters inside circles. They are often used for highlighting items, labels, or steps in a sequence.

HTML Special Characters for Circled Uppercase Letters
Character	Numeric Code	Description
`Ⓐ`	Ⓐ	Ⓐ
`Ⓑ`	Ⓑ	Ⓑ
`Ⓒ`	Ⓒ	Ⓒ
`Ⓓ`	Ⓓ	Ⓓ
`Ⓔ`	Ⓔ	Ⓔ
`Ⓕ`	Ⓕ	Ⓕ
`Ⓖ`	Ⓖ	Ⓖ
`Ⓗ`	Ⓗ	Ⓗ
`Ⓘ`	Ⓘ	Ⓘ
`Ⓙ`	Ⓙ	Ⓙ
`Ⓚ`	Ⓚ	Ⓚ
`Ⓛ`	Ⓛ	Ⓛ
`Ⓜ`	Ⓜ	Ⓜ
`Ⓝ`	Ⓝ	Ⓝ
`Ⓞ`	Ⓞ	Ⓞ
`Ⓟ`	Ⓟ	Ⓟ
`Ⓠ`	Ⓠ	Ⓠ
`Ⓡ`	Ⓡ	Ⓡ
`Ⓢ`	Ⓢ	Ⓢ
`Ⓣ`	Ⓣ	Ⓣ
`Ⓤ`	Ⓤ	Ⓤ
`Ⓥ`	Ⓥ	Ⓥ
`Ⓦ`	Ⓦ	Ⓦ
`Ⓧ`	Ⓧ	Ⓧ
`Ⓨ`	Ⓨ	Ⓨ
`Ⓩ`	Ⓩ	Ⓩ

Circled Lowercase Letters

These HTML numeric character references display lowercase alphabet letters inside circles. They are often used for highlighting items, labels, or steps in a sequence.

HTML entity codes for circled lowercase letters
Character	Numeric Code	Description
`ⓐ`	ⓐ	ⓐ
`ⓑ`	ⓑ	ⓑ
`ⓒ`	ⓒ	ⓒ
`ⓓ`	ⓓ	ⓓ
`ⓔ`	ⓔ	ⓔ
`ⓕ`	ⓕ	ⓕ
`ⓖ`	ⓖ	ⓖ
`ⓗ`	ⓗ	ⓗ
`ⓘ`	ⓘ	ⓘ
`ⓙ`	ⓙ	ⓙ
`ⓚ`	ⓚ	ⓚ
`ⓛ`	ⓛ	ⓛ
`ⓜ`	ⓜ	ⓜ
`ⓝ`	ⓝ	ⓝ
`ⓞ`	ⓞ	ⓞ
`ⓟ`	ⓟ	ⓟ
`ⓠ`	ⓠ	ⓠ
`ⓡ`	ⓡ	ⓡ
`ⓢ`	ⓢ	ⓢ
`ⓣ`	ⓣ	ⓣ
`ⓤ`	ⓤ	ⓤ
`ⓥ`	ⓥ	ⓥ
`ⓦ`	ⓦ	ⓦ
`ⓧ`	ⓧ	ⓧ
`ⓨ`	ⓨ	ⓨ
`ⓩ`	ⓩ	ⓩ

Circled CJK Numbers

These HTML numeric character references display CJK (Chinese-Japanese-Korean) numbers inside circles. They are often used for numbering items, steps, or points in a list or sequence.

HTML entity codes for circled CJK numbers
Character	Numeric Code	Description
`㊀`	㊀	㊀
`㊁`	㊁	㊁
`㊂`	㊂	㊂
`㊃`	㊃	㊃
`㊄`	㊄	㊄
`㊅`	㊅	㊅
`㊆`	㊆	㊆
`㊇`	㊇	㊇
`㊈`	㊈	㊈
`㊉`	㊉	㊉

Circled CJK Weekdays

These HTML numeric character references display the CJK (Chinese-Japanese-Korean) characters for weekdays inside circles. They are commonly used for labeling days in calendars, schedules, or lists.

HTML entity codes for circled CJK weekdays
Character	Numeric Code	Description
`㊊`	㊊	㊊
`㊋`	㊋	㊋
`㊌`	㊌	㊌
`㊍`	㊍	㊍
`㊎`	㊎	㊎
`㊏`	㊏	㊏
`㊐`	㊐	㊐

Circled Katakana

These HTML numeric character references display Japanese Katakana characters inside circles. They are often used for labeling items, steps, or for emphasis in lists or diagrams.

HTML entity codes for circled Katakana
Character	Numeric Code	Description
`㋐`	㋐	㋐
`㋑`	㋑	㋑
`㋒`	㋒	㋒
`㋓`	㋓	㋓
`㋔`	㋔	㋔
`㋕`	㋕	㋕
`㋖`	㋖	㋖
`㋗`	㋗	㋗
`㋘`	㋘	㋘
`㋙`	㋙	㋙
`㋚`	㋚	㋚
`㋛`	㋛	㋛
`㋜`	㋜	㋜
`㋝`	㋝	㋝
`㋞`	㋞	㋞
`㋟`	㋟	㋟
`㋠`	㋠	㋠
`㋡`	㋡	㋡
`㋢`	㋢	㋢
`㋣`	㋣	㋣
`㋤`	㋤	㋤
`㋥`	㋥	㋥
`㋦`	㋦	㋦
`㋧`	㋧	㋧
`㋨`	㋨	㋨
`㋩`	㋩	㋩
`㋪`	㋪	㋪
`㋫`	㋫	㋫
`㋬`	㋬	㋬
`㋭`	㋭	㋭
`㋮`	㋮	㋮
`㋯`	㋯	㋯
`㋰`	㋰	㋰
`㋱`	㋱	㋱
`㋲`	㋲	㋲
`㋳`	㋳	㋳
`㋴`	㋴	㋴
`㋵`	㋵	㋵
`㋶`	㋶	㋶
`㋷`	㋷	㋷
`㋸`	㋸	㋸
`㋹`	㋹	㋹
`㋺`	㋺	㋺
`㋻`	㋻	㋻
`㋼`	㋼	㋼
`㋽`	㋽	㋽
`㋾`	㋾	㋾

Circled Hangul Syllables

These HTML numeric character references display Korean Hangul syllables enclosed in circles. They are commonly used for labeling items, steps, or for emphasis in lists or diagrams.

HTML entity codes for circled Hangul syllables
Character	Numeric Code	Description
`㉮`	㉮	㉮
`㉯`	㉯	㉯
`㉰`	㉰	㉰
`㉱`	㉱	㉱
`㉲`	㉲	㉲
`㉳`	㉳	㉳
`㉴`	㉴	㉴
`㉵`	㉵	㉵
`㉶`	㉶	㉶
`㉷`	㉷	㉷
`㉸`	㉸	㉸
`㉹`	㉹	㉹
`㉺`	㉺	㉺
`㉻`	㉻	㉻

Circled Hangul Consonants

These HTML numeric character references display Korean Hangul consonants enclosed in circles. They are often used for ordered lists, labeling, or emphasizing specific items.

HTML entity codes for circled Hangul consonants
Character	Numeric Code	Description
`㉠`	㉠	㉠
`㉡`	㉡	㉡
`㉢`	㉢	㉢
`㉣`	㉣	㉣
`㉤`	㉤	㉤
`㉥`	㉥	㉥
`㉦`	㉦	㉦
`㉧`	㉧	㉧
`㉨`	㉨	㉨
`㉩`	㉩	㉩
`㉪`	㉪	㉪
`㉫`	㉫	㉫
`㉬`	㉬	㉬
`㉭`	㉭	㉭